Search results for " Vehicles"
showing 10 items of 181 documents
Robust Energy Scheduling in Vehicle-to-Grid Networks
2017
The uncertainties brought by intermittent renewable generation and uncoordinated charging behaviors of EVs pose great challenges to the reliable operation of power systems, which motivates us to explore the integration of robust optimization with energy scheduling in V2G networks. In this article, we first introduce V2G robust energy scheduling problems and review the stateof- the art contributions from the perspectives of renewable energy integration, ancillary service provision, and proactive demand-side participation in the electricity market. Second, for each category of V2G applications, the corresponding problem formulations, robust solution concepts, and design approaches are describ…
Robust Discrete-Time Lateral Control of Racecars by Unknown Input Observers
2023
This brief addresses the robust lateral control problem for self-driving racecars. It proposes a discrete-time estimation and control solution consisting of a delayed unknown input-state observer (UIO) and a robust tracking controller. Based on a nominal vehicle model, describing its motion with respect to a generic desired trajectory and requiring no information about the surrounding environment, the observer reconstructs the total force disturbance signal, resulting from imperfect knowledge of the time-varying tire-road interface characteristics, presence of other vehicles nearby, wind gusts, and other model uncertainty. Then, the controller actively compensates the estimated force and as…
Asynchronous sensor fusion of GPS, IMU and CAN-based odometry for heavy-duty vehicles
2021
[EN] In heavy-duty vehicles, multiple signals are available to estimate the vehicle's kinematics, such as Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Global Positioning System (GPS) and linear and angular speed readings from wheel tachometers on the internal Controller Area Network (CAN). These signals have different noise variance, bandwidth and sampling rate (being the latter, possibly, irregular). In this paper we present a non-linear sensor fusion algorithm allowing asynchronous sampling and non-causal smoothing. It is applied to achieve accuracy improvements when incorporating odometry measurements from CAN bus to standard GPS+IMU kinematic estimation, as well as the robustness against missing da…
Different scenarios of electric mobility: Current situation and possible future developments of fuel cell vehicles in Italy
2020
The diffusion of electric vehicles in Italy has started but some complications weight its spread. At present, hybrid technology is the most followed by users, due particularly to socioeconomic factors such as cost of investment and range anxiety. After a deep discussion of the Italian scenario, the aim of the paper is to recognize whether fuel cell technology may be an enabling solution to overcome pollution problems and respect for the environment. The opportunity to use fuel cells to store electric energy is quite fascinating&mdash
Between the Megalopolis and the Deep Blue Sky: Challenges of Transport with UAVs in Future Smart Cities
2019
International audience; With the rapid increase of the world's urban population, the infrastructure of the constantly expanding metropolitan areas is undergoing an immense pressure. To meet the growing demands of sustainable urban environments and improve the quality of life for citizens, municipalities will increasingly rely on novel transport solutions. In particular, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are expected to have a crucial role in the future smart cities thanks to their interesting features such as autonomy, flexibility, mobility, adaptive altitude, and small dimensions. However, densely populated megalopolises of the future are administrated by several municipals, governmental and…
A frequency compensation algorithm of four-wheel coherence random road
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986584 Open access The road surface roughness is the main source of kinematic excitation of a moving vehicle, which has an important influence on vehicle performance. In recent decades, random road models have been widely studied, and a four-wheel random road time domain model is usually generated based on the correlation of the four-wheel input, in which a coherence function is used to describe the coherence of the road input between the left and right wheels usually. However, during our research, there are some conditions that show that…
Effects of alertness management training on sleepiness among long-haul truck drivers : a randomized controlled trial
2018
Education is a frequently recommended remedy for driver sleepiness in occupational settings, although not many studies have examined its usefulness. To date, there are no previous on-road randomized controlled trials investigating the benefits of training on sleepiness among employees working in road transport. To examine the effects of an educational intervention on long-haul truck drivers' sleepiness at the wheel, amount of sleep between work shifts, and use of efficient sleepiness countermeasures (SCM) in association with night and non-night shift, a total of 53 truck drivers operating from southern Finland were allocated into an intervention and a control group using a stratified random…
A well-scalable metaheuristic for the fleet size and mix vehicle routing problem with time windows
2009
This paper presents an efficient and well-scalable metaheuristic for fleet size and mix vehicle routing with time windows. The suggested solution method combines the strengths of well-known threshold accepting and guided local search metaheuristics to guide a set of four local search heuristics. The computational tests were done using the benchmarks of [Liu, F.-H., & Shen, S.-Y. (1999). The fleet size and mix vehicle routing problem with time windows. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 50(7), 721-732] and 600 new benchmark problems suggested in this paper. The results indicate that the suggested method is competitive and scales almost linearly up to instances with 1000 custome…
A Hierarchical Detection and Response System to Enhance Security Against Lethal Cyber-Attacks in UAV Networks
2018
International audience; Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) networks have not yet received considerable research attention. Specifically, security issues are a major concern because such networks, which carry vital information, are prone to various attacks. In this paper, we design and implement a novel intrusion detection and response scheme, which operates at the UAV and ground station levels, to detect malicious anomalies that threaten the network. In this scheme, a set of detection and response techniques are proposed to monitor the UAV behaviors and categorize them into the appropriate list (normal, abnormal, suspect, and malicious) according to the detected cyber-attack. We focus on the m…
The interaction between intermittent renewable energy and the electricity, heating and transport sectors
2012
In a global perspective, it is essential that the world transfers from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources in order to minimise climate change effects. As a part of such transition energy savings are also important, as they can decrease production costs effectively. The nature of such a change is that it has to be implemented on a local level. Energy saving technologies are placed with the demand decrease and renewable energy is typically distributed where the resources are. In some parts of the world, energy savings have resulted in a stabilisation of the energy demands, however in the world as such, demands are still increasing in buildings, transport and industry. Although the deman…